• br Characterization of quantal exocytosis

  2021-10-27

  

  Characterization of quantal exocytosis by amperometry A secretory vesicle experiences four phases during exocytosis: (i) cargo packaging & translocation, (ii) vesicle docking & priming; (iii) fusion pore formation; (iv) fusion pore expansion and cargo secretion (Fig. 1a). The release of monoamine

• 7821 In vitro studies have described the kinetic parameters

  2021-10-27

  

  In vitro studies have described the kinetic parameters of the KDM4A catalytic site (cKDM4A) (Figure 1C) (23); the kcat/KM (kcat as the catalytic constant and KM as the Michaelis constant) values represent how fast the enzyme reacts with the substrate once it encounters the substrate, where the value

• In the previous study concerning HO mediated inhibtion

  2021-10-26

  

  In the previous study concerning HO-1-mediated inhibtion of HCV replication, the mechanism underlying IFN-α/β indcuction by HO-1 involved in HO-1-catalyzed heme metabolic product, biliverdin (Zhu et al., 2010; Lehmann et al., 2010). However, in the present study SnPP, an inhibitor of HO-1 enzymatic

• It is interesting to note that the

  2021-10-26

  

  It is interesting to note that the long and short forms of GPR120 exist at different basal levels of phosphorylation, with the short form demonstrating a greater degree of constitutive activity [12]. Importantly, Burns and Moniri [12] showed that, upon activation, the long and short isoforms of GPR1

• Young et al described the role of adenine monophosphate acti

  2021-10-26

  

  Young et al. [40] described the role of adenine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in the translocation of GLUT4 in the heart. The AMPK is activated during muscle contraction [74] by converting AMP to ATP. The adenosine analog, 5-aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide ribonucleotide (AICAR), is a c

• Experiments show that CSD propagation can be

  2021-10-26

  

  Experiments show that CSD propagation can be slowed or interrupted by pre-existing lesions or areas of high astrocytic density (Chen et al., 2006), and reduced expression of astrocytic gap junctions significantly increases the size of ischemic infarcts (Nakase et al., 2003). By decreasing the gap ju

• Another TKI used in cancer therapy is the Abl inhibitor

  2021-10-25

  

  Another TKI used in cancer therapy is the Abl inhibitor imatinib mesilate which has also a beneficial effect on glucose homeostasis in diabetic humans [39], [40], [41]. Imatinib has a clear impact on NFκB activation and anti-apoptotic preconditioning of β-cells [39], attenuating islet inflammation [

• The IN gene of the

  2021-10-25

  

  The IN gene of the HIV isolate from Papua (CRF01_AE isolate) contains genetic polymorphisms (Fig. 1A) that encode for variant amino acids in the IN protein, based on the Stanford HIVdb mutation interpretation database (Fig. 1B). These variations slightly changed the three-dimensional structure of IN

• In various models histamine has been shown to induce

  2021-10-25

  

  In various models, histamine has been shown to induce chemotaxis. This was first appreciated over 40 years’ ago in studies with eosinophils (Clark et al., 1977). At that time, only histamine H1 and histamine H2 receptors were recognized and studies with ligands to these receptors indicated that neit

• br Authors contribution br Funding sources This study

  2021-10-25

  

  Authors' contribution Funding sources This study was supported by CDC intramural funding. Publication costs are funded by an internal program of CDC. MAT was supported by funds from the Association of Public Health Laboratories and CDC (APHL–CDC) Bioinformatics Fellowship Program. Competing

• br Activity dependent control of

  2021-10-25

  

  Activity-dependent control of myelination and myelin maintenance Oligodendrocytes have intrinsic myelinating capacity and can myelinate fixed Cariprazine in addition to synthetic nanofibers and micropillars [21, 34, 35]. What prevents oligodendrocytes from myelinating dendrites or other cells in

• br Clinical development of anti NASH drug therapies The

  2021-10-25

  

  Clinical development of anti-NASH drug therapies The current understanding of NASH pathogenesis has led to broad efforts to target several features of the disease, alone or in combination, even in the absence of liver-guided therapies. Therefore, drug development in NASH is a rapidly changing fie

• br Regulation of gonadotropins by GnRH GnRH is released from

  2021-10-25

  

  Regulation of gonadotropins by GnRH GnRH is released from the hypothalamus, and its release pattern is known to be pulsatile. That is, the pulse frequency and amplitude of GnRH release vary physiologically during reproductive cycles in females, and differentially stimulate the production and rele

• br Acknowledgements br Introduction Obesity is

  2021-10-25

  

  Acknowledgements Introduction Obesity is a growing pandemic, which becomes a global public health problem. The evidence has been readily available and mounting, demonstrating that obesity increases incidences of chronic comorbidities, such as non-alcoholic fatty liver diseases, diabetes, cardi

• Linsitinib Caffeine decreased EAAT and EAAT expression level

  2021-10-25

  

  Caffeine decreased EAAT1 and EAAT2 Linsitinib levels in P2 fraction, as well as [3H]d-aspartate uptake; however, as soon as caffeine is removed from incubation, [3H]-d-Aspartate uptake is recovered to control levels, eliminating the possibility of caffeine as a cell death inducer. In resume, our d

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